Nicanje zuba je proces u razvoju zuba u kojem zubi izbijaju i ulaze u usta postajući vidljivi. Trenutno se veruje da parodontalni ligament igra važnu ulogu u nicanju zuba. Inače, sam razvoj zuba počinje mnogo pre nicanja, još u fazi embriona u materici majke.
Tooth eruption is a process in tooth development in which the teeth enter the mouth and become visible. It is currently believed that the periodontal ligaments play an important role in tooth eruption. Development of teeth begins long before eruption, even in the stage of the embryo in the mother’s uterus.
Primary (baby) teeth erupt into the mouth from around 6 months until 2 years of age. These teeth are the only ones in the mouth until a person is about 6 years old. At that time, the first permanent tooth erupts and begins a time in which there is a combination of primary and permanent teeth. This stage, known as the mixed stage, lasts until the last primary tooth is lost. Then, the remaining permanent teeth erupt into the mouth.
Demo video:
Although tooth eruption occurs at different times for different people, a general eruption timeline exists. Typically, humans have 20 primary teeth and 32 permanent teeth.
As already mentioned, tooth eruption has three stages. The first, known as primary dentition stage, occurs when only primary teeth are visible. Once the first permanent tooth erupts into the mouth, the teeth are in the mixed (or transitional) dentition. After the last primary tooth falls out of the mouth, the teeth are in the permanent dentition.
Primarni dečiji (mlečni) zubi:
| Primary teeth | ||||
| lower | upper | |||
age (мonths) | chronological order | age (months) | chronological order | |
| cental incisor | 6 | 1 | 7,5 | 1 |
| lateral incisor | 7 | 2 | 9 | 2 |
| canine | 16 | 4 | 19 | 4 |
| first premolar | – | – | – | – |
| second premolar | – | – | – | – |
| first molar | 12 | 3 | 14 | 3 |
| second molar | 20 | 5 | 24 | 5 |
third molar (wisdom tooth) | – | – | – | – |
| Permanent teeth | ||||
| lower | upper | |||
age (year) | chronological order | age (year) | chronological order | |
| cental incisor | 6 – 7 | 2 | 7 – 8 | 2 |
| lateral incisor | 7 – 8 | 3 | 8 – 9 | 3 |
| canine | 9 – 10 | 4 | 11 – 12 | 6 |
| first premolar | 10 – 11 | 5 | 10 – 11 | 4 |
| second premolar | 11 – 12 | 6 | 11 – 12 | 5 |
| first molar | 6 – 7 | 1 | 6 – 7 | 1 |
| second molar | 11 – 13 | 7 | 12 – 13 | 7 |
| third molar (wisdom tooth) | 17 – 21 | 8 | 17 – 21 | 8 |
Demo video – tooth development:
Sources:
Web Dental Office
Dentpedia
Primarni (mlečni) zubi izbijaju od oko 6 meseci do 2 godine starosti. Ovi zubi su jedini u ustima sve do otprilike šeste godine. U to vreme, niče prvi stalni zub i počinje period u kojem je u ustima kombinacija primarnih (mlečnih) i stalnih zuba. Ova faza, poznata i kao mešovita faza traje do gubitka poslednjeg primarnog (mlečnog) zuba. Nakon toga, niču preostali stalni zubi.
Pogledajte demonstracioni video ilustracije izbijanja zuba sa uzrasnim vremenskim odrednicama:
Iako zubi ne niču svima u istom životnom dobu, ipak postoji opšta hronologija nicanja zuba. Obično, ljudi imaju 20 primarnih (mlečnih) zuba i 32 stalna zuba.
Kao što je već pomenuto, nicanje zuba ima tri faze. Prva, poznata kao faza primarnih (mlečnih zuba (faza primarnog denticija – zubala) je faza u kojoj susamo primarni (mlečni) zubi vidljivi. Nakon nicanja prvog stalnog zuba, zubi ulaze u mešovitu (tranzicionu) fazu (faza tranzicionog denticija – zubala). Nakon gubitka i poslednjeg primarnog zuba, zubi ulaze u fazu stalnog denticija (stalnog zubala).
Primarni dečiji (mlečni) zubi:
| Mlečni zubi | ||||
| donji | gornji | |||
| vreme (меs) | redosled | vreme (меs) | redosled | |
| centalni sekutić | 6 | 1 | 7,5 | 1 |
| lateralni sekutić | 7 | 2 | 9 | 2 |
| očnjak | 16 | 4 | 19 | 4 |
| prvi predkutnjak | – | – | – | – |
| drugi predkutnjak | – | – | – | – |
| prvi kutnjak | 12 | 3 | 14 | 3 |
| drugi kutnjak | 20 | 5 | 24 | 5 |
| treći kutnjak | – | – | – | – |
Pogledajte demonstracioni video na engleskom jeziku:
Stalni zubi:
| Stalni zubi | ||||
| donji | gornji | |||
| vreme (god) | redosled | vreme (god) | redosled | |
| centalni sekutić | 6 – 7 | 2 | 7 – 8 | 2 |
| lateralni sekutić | 7 – 8 | 3 | 8 – 9 | 3 |
| očnjak | 9 – 10 | 4 | 11 – 12 | 6 |
| prvi pretkutnjak | 10 – 11 | 5 | 10 – 11 | 4 |
| drugi pretkutnjak | 11 – 12 | 6 | 11 – 12 | 5 |
| prvi kutnjak | 6 – 7 | 1 | 6 – 7 | 1 |
| drugi kutnjak | 11 – 13 | 7 | 12 – 13 | 7 |
| treći kutnjak (umnjak) | 17 – 21 | 8 | 17 – 21 | 8 |
Pogledajte demonstracioni video na engleskom jeziku:
Izvori:
Web Dental Office
Simple Steps to Dental Health
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