Fasetirane krunice, fasete ili zubne navlake su posebno napravljene keramičke “ljuspice” koje se postavljaju na površinu zuba kako bi se popravio izgled istrošene gleđi zuba, neravnine, razmak među zubima, pukotine ili naprsline.
Nezavisno od toga koji je uzrok neprivlačnih zuba, pomoću fasetiranih krunica (zubnih navlaka) može se rešiti većina, ako ne i svi estetski problemi, među kojima su:
– Istrošena gleđ – tokom vremena čvrsta materija na površini zuba – gleđ može postati istrošena i na njoj se mogu pojaviti diskoloracije različitog porekla (genetske predispozicije,konzumiranja kafe i drugih obojenih pića, duvana…)
– Pukotine i naprsline
– Genetika-neki ljudi se rode sa prevelikim razmakom između zuba koji se s godinama povećava.
– Nejednaki zubi – rezultat škrgutanja zubima ili genetike
Porcelanske i kompozitne navlake
Dva najčešća materijala za izradu navlaka su porcelan i kompozitni materijali. Obe vrste se prave u zubotehničkoj laboratoriji, a kompozitne navlake takođe mogu da se naprave i postave direktno u stomatološkoj ordinaciji.
One koje se prave u zubotehničkoj laboratoriji se kasnije u stomatološkoj ordinaciji postavljaju na zub pomoću različitih vrste cementnih smola. Porcelanske navlake su skuplje, ali i dugotrajnije.
Kada su navlake prikladne?
Nadogradnja zuba često služi kao jeftino i efikasno rešenje za manje naprsline i pukotine na zubima. Takvi manji problemi mogu biti funkcionalno i kozmetički popravljeni sa materijalom za kompozitne bele ispune. Ipak u teškim slučajevima, trošenja, diskoloracije, pucanja zuba, razmaka između zuba ili neravnina na zubima, zubne navlake mogu biti preporučene kao prikladnije rešenje.
Navlake ili izbeljivanje zuba?
Izbjeljivanje zuba može omogućiti beo osmeh za blago potamnele zube. Postavljanje zubnih navlaka zahteva prethodno “oblikovanje” zuba. Ovaj proces trajno menja izgled zuba koji su tretirani, te se stoga ne preporučuje ako je izgled Vaših prirodnih zubia funkcionalno i estetski zadovoljavajući.
Ako imate teži slučaj potamnelih ili obezbojenih zuba, trebalo bi da se odlučitie za zubne navlake. U korist navlaka je i činjenica da su dugovečne i dokazano poboljšavaju izgled usta, osmeha, a možda i drugih područjia lica koja će biti bolje podržana pravilno oblikovanim zubima. Iako navlake zahtevaju mnogo veće obaveze nego izbeljivanje zuba, rezultati su obično isplati.
Restorativne koristi zubnih navlaka
Osim što su estetski veoma privlačne, zubne navlake takođe mogu poslužiti i funkcionalnesvrhu zaštite oštećenja površine zuba. U nekim slučajevima, navlake mogu zameniti zubne krunice, eliminišući potrebu za više invazivnom pripremom zuba. Budući da su tako tanke, zubne navlake mogu zahtevati veoma malo ili ni malo pripreme (oblikovanja) zuba pre samog postavljanja na zub. Kada se jednom postave navlake su relativno jake i izdržljive, ali se određene mere ipak moraju preduzeti, jer se tanke porcelanske ljuspice mogu oštetiti ili slomiti. Vaš stomatolog Vam može savetovati da izbegavate određenu hranu (kao što je grickanje šargarepe) i može preporučiti da nosite štitnike za navlake dok spavate, naročito ako škrgućete zubima.
Izvori:
Consumer Guide to Dentistry
Your Dentistry Guide
Dental veneers are custom-designed shells of tooth-like ceramic material that, when applied over the surface of a tooth, can cover worn tooth enamel, uneven tooth alignment or spacing and chips or cracks.
Dental veneers fall into the category of cosmetic dentistry because they create a bright, white smile with beautifully aligned, shapely teeth. Even better, the translucent ceramic quality of today’s veneers provides a more natural look than what’s been available in the past.
– Worn enamel: Over time, the thin, hard white substance covering your teeth (enamel) may become worn, dulled, and discolored. Such wear and discoloration may be natural or the result of a genetic predisposition; however, it is often a result of your habits (soft drink, tea, or coffee consumption, smoking, medication use, etc.).
– Wear and tear: Teeth naturally wear down as people age. Aged teeth are more likely to have chips, cracks or a generally uneven appearance.
– Genetics: Certain people may be born with abnormal spacing between the teeth that grows wider as they age.
– Uneven teeth: Uneven teeth can result from tooth grinding or general wear and tear.
Porcelain Veneers and Composite Resin Veneers
The two most common materials used in the manufacture of dental veneers are composite resin and porcelain veneers. Both porcelain veneers and composite veneers can be fabricated by a dental technician in a dental laboratory; composite veneers can also be directly fabricated inside your mouth at the dental office.
Dental veneers that are indirectly fabricated — fabricated in a dental laboratory — are bonded to the teeth with various types of resin cement. Of the two options, porcelain veneers are longer lasting and more expensive.
When are Veneers Appropriate?
Bonding often serves as an inexpensive and effective restoration for small chips and cracks in the teeth. Such minor problems may be functionally and cosmetically repaired with a composite “white filling.” A composite resin material is bonded to the tooth in order to fill in the chip or crack and better protect the surrounding tooth structure. But for more severe cases of dullness, wear, discoloration, mild chipping, cracking, spacing, or uneven teeth, dental veneers may be recommended as a more appropriate solution.
Veneers or Whitening?
Teeth whitening may provide a white smile for mildly discolored teeth. Some people who are interested in veneers will find that their cosmetic dentist will steer them to the simpler alternative of whitening, perhaps combined with some simple orthodontic alignment. The placement of dental veneers requires the “shaping” or “prepping” of all teeth being fitted with the custom-designed shells. This process permanently alters the teeth that are treated and is therefore not recommended if your natural teeth are functionally and esthetically adequate.
If you have a severe case of dull or discolored teeth, you may have to opt for dental veneers. Veneers do have the added benefits of longevity and a proven ability to enhance the appearance of the mouth, smile, and possibly other areas of an aged face that would be better supported by properly shaped teeth. Although veneers require a much larger commitment than teeth whitening, the results are typically well worth it.
A Restorative Benefit to Veneers
In addition to being esthetically pleasing, dental veneers can also serve a functional purpose by protecting the surface of a damaged tooth. In some cases, veneers may replace the need for a dental crown, eliminating the need for more invasive tooth preparation.
Because dental veneers are so thin, they might require little-to-no tooth reshaping when bonded onto the tooth. Once veneers are bonded into place, they are relatively strong and durable; however, care must be taken so as not to abuse veneers because the thin porcelain shells can damage or break. Your dentist may advise you against certain uses or dietary tendencies (such as eating carrots) and may recommend you wear a protective appliance while your sleep, especially if you are a bruxer.
Sources:
Consumer Guide to Dentistry
Your Dentistry Guide